INDIAN WARS IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM: From Wounded Knee to Palestine

In the year 1890, a year sometimes cited as the last of the American Indian Wars, Big Foot and his band of Lakota gathered on the rolling flatlands of South Dakota to pay tribute to their ancestors by fulfilling the vision of the Paiute prophet Wavoka by dancing the Ghost Dance.

At the end of a "war" that more resembled genocide, stretching across several centuries, the Lakota were divided into two camps: The friendly "agency Indians" who clustered around the forts and encampments, living on wasichu handouts, and the "wild Indians" following the path of Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull, refusing to bow down before the white man’s army.

Crazy Horse was dead, killed at the point of an unknown soldier’s bayonet while his Lakota brother, Little Big Man, held his arms. Sitting Bull was also dead, killed by a detachment of agency Indians doing the white man’s bidding.

Big Foot was a wild Indian, a respected elder who yearned only to live out the remaining years of his life in relative freedom. Instead, he was immortalized in a frozen dance of death, slaughtered with over three hundred men, women and children, in the massacre of Wounded Knee.

One hundred and fifteen years later, not far from the sacrilege of the Great White Fathers on Mount Rushmore, there is a monument in the sacred Black Hills to the greatest "wild" Lakota of them all: Crazy Horse.

There is no monument to the agency Indians. There is no tribute to their courage, pride or dignity.

One hundred and fifteen years after the massacre, despite the constant indoctrination of false history, the truth is clear to any man or woman honest enough to see it.

Today, as I observe the shocked western world reaction to the Palestinian election, a resounding defeat of the American-Israeli favored Fatah party of Mahmoud Abbas by the radical Islamic militant party of Hamas, I cannot help but think of the wild and friendly bands of Lakota. As the Israelis demand that Hamas put down their arms, I cannot help but think of Big Foot at Wounded Knee – disarmed before the slaughter.

In Palestine, as in Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Venezuela, Bolivia, Columbia, Argentina, Brazil and elsewhere, the imperial leaders of the corporate empire have divided indigenous peoples into "agency Indians" who bow down to superior force and do our bidding, and "wild Indians" who struggle against all odds to retain their freedom and dignity.

Clearly, the voice of democracy has not paved the way to peace as the Bush administration prophesied, but we should not be so quick to condemn the messenger or its message. As author Gilad Atzmon recently wrote, "Rather than imposing our worldviews on the Palestinian people… we should listen to them and try to find a way within their complicated cause." [1]

The people of Palestine have spoken, just as the people of Lebanon, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Iraq have spoken, and they have delivered a common message: A stern repudiation of occupation and American influence.

Are we so blinded by the flag of patriotism and the mythology of American righteousness that we cannot see the truth as it is plainly laid before us? Are we so blinded by our own military might that we cannot see that we are oppressing peoples who deserve the dignity of determining their own destinies?

We may not agree with the values, philosophies or tactics of those that oppose us but who are we to judge?

We are as guilty as any European power of monumental crimes against humanity, of supplanting democratic leaders with military despots, of aggressive and imperial wars, of opposing human dignity and human rights, of genocide and attempted genocide.

Who are we to say that those who oppose us are terrorists and evil maniacs while those who support us are friends to peace?

Terrorism is not a philosophy; it is a tactic. Specifically, it is the tactic of forces that have no viable military options. It is comparable to the guerilla warfare practiced by indigenous peoples against all imperial powers and which has often been denounced as terrorism. It was the tactic the Americans used to survive the revolutionary war until the French secured our independence in the traditional fashion.

To Hamas, I can only suggest in the modesty of one who is not there and cannot know the depth of your suffering, set aside your call for the destruction of Israel. While it may accurately reflect your vision of justice in an unjust world, it has not had a place in practical reality for many decades. Israel is a nuclear power. It is here to stay. To deny that fundamental reality is to forfeit any chance of peace, justice or sovereignty. Swallow your pride and perhaps you may achieve what Yassir Arafat only dreamed but do not give up your arms. An unarmed Palestine is an invitation to genocide.

To the people of Israel, with the same humility, I implore you not to react with an iron fist. The Roadmap has failed. In all honesty, under the leadership of Ariel Sharon and George W. Bush, you could not have expected it to succeed. You are now confronted by the reality of a Palestine with all the rage of an oppressed people. Go back to the drawing board. Go back to the table. Listen to your adversaries from the depth of your collective soul. Find a way.

To the militants of Fatah who have threatened violent reprisal in the streets of Palestine, I can only pray that calmer voices will prevail. You have embraced democracy. Now you must learn to listen to the voice of the people, just as the leaders of Europe and America must do. Elections can lie but the people never do. Here they have spoken clearly. It falls to you to understand their message and act accordingly.

A hundred years from now, a future world will look back on these critical times and they will see the truth. They will condemn those who were disingenuous, deceptive and self-serving. They will praise those who fought for justice and an equitable peace. They will build monuments to "wild" Indians in every corner of the earth.

Jazz.

[1] "Hamas’ Victory: Listening to the Voices of Palestine" by Gilad Atzmon, CounterPunch, January 26, 2006.

[2] "Our Indian War Are Not Over Yet" by John Brown, TomDispatch, January 20, 2006.

JACK RANDOM IS THE AUTHOR OF THE JAZZMAN CHRONICLES (CROW DOG PRESS) AND GHOST DANCE INSURRECTION (DRY BONES PRESS). THE CHRONICLES HAVE APPEARED ON DISSIDENT VOICE, THE ALBION MONITOR, BUZZLE, COUNTERPUNCH AND PEACE-EARTH-JUSTICE.
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Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on the Palestinian Authority

In thirty seven earlier articles, I republished all the preliminary parts and 29 chapters - profiles of Asiatic and African countries, featured in the Amnesty International 2010 Annual Report which was released a few days ago. Titles of and links to these articles are available in the latest of the series:

Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on Turkmenistan
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161223)

To complete the series, I will add a few more Asia-focused chapters of the Report, as I did already with the following:

Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on Afghanistan
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161337)

Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on Uzbekistan
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161347)

Biased Chapter on Tajikistan Promotes CIA & Saudi funded Islamic Terrorism. Amnesty Int’l Report
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161426)

Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on Kyrgyzstan Oblivious of Ethnic Tensions and Clashes
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161449)

Amnesty International 2010 Report. Chapter on Kazakhstan
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161472)

Severe Cases of Ethnic, Cultural and Gender Discrimination at Dhofar, Oman, Unnoticed by AI Report
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161616)

Referendum for South Yemen to Secede, Liberation for Saada, Impeachment for A. A. Saleh. AI Report
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161691)

Djibouti, A Colonial Fabrication Against the Afar Nation. Amnesty International 2010 Report.
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161750)

Phoenician National Identity, Aramaic instead of Arabic, to Ensure Peace in Lebanon. AI 2010 Report
(http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/view/161789)

In the present article, I republish the chapter on the Palestinian Authority.

Palestinian Authority – Profile
Head of Palestinian Authority: Mahmoud Abbas
Head of government: Salam Fayyad
Death penalty: retentionist
Population: 4.3 million
Life expectancy: 73.3 years
Under-5 mortality (m/f): 23/18 per 1,000
Adult literacy: 93.8 per cent

During Operation "Cast Lead", the 22-day military offensive launched by Israel that ended on 18 January, Hamas forces and militias in the Gaza Strip continued to fire indiscriminate rockets and mortars into Israel, and within Gaza they abducted political opponents and former detainees alleged to have "collaborated" with the Israeli intelligence services; some were summarily killed, others were beaten or shot in the legs. Throughout the year, Palestinian Authority (PA) security forces in the West Bank and Hamas security forces and militias in Gaza arbitrarily detained hundreds of members or sympathizers of rival factions without charge or trial and often tortured and otherwise ill-treated them. Security agencies under the PA in the West Bank and the de facto administration in Gaza used excessive force when confronting armed rivals, causing a number of civilian deaths. The PA in the West Bank and Hamas in Gaza continued to clamp down on freedom of expression. Military courts in the West Bank and Gaza sentenced 17 people to death; no executions were carried out.

Background

Israel’s occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip continued. In this context, two separate non-state Palestinian authorities operated with limited powers: in the West Bank, the caretaker government of the PA under Prime Minister Salam Fayyad appointed by President Mahmoud Abbas of the Fatah party; and in the Gaza Strip, the Hamas de facto administration under former PA Prime Minister Isma’il Haniyeh. Inter-factional tension continued between Fatah and Hamas despite attempts at reconciliation sponsored by the Egyptian government.

Armed groups affiliated to Hamas largely complied with the ceasefire with Israel declared in late January, but other Palestinian armed groups linked to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), Fatah and Islamic Jihad continued to fire rockets and mortars into southern Israel periodically throughout the year; although indiscriminate, these did not cause Israeli civilian fatalities.

The Israeli military blockade of Gaza, in force since June 2007, continued to have a devastating impact on food security, health and civilian infrastructure. The humanitarian crisis caused by the blockade was exacerbated by Operation "Cast Lead" (see Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories entry), which destroyed more than 3,000 homes and damaged a further 20,000. Scores of civilian buildings, including hospitals, clinics and schools, were also damaged.

The Israeli authorities restricted the entry of basic commodities such as fuel and imposed a total ban on the import of cement, so tunnels running under the Gaza Egypt border were increasingly used to smuggle in goods. The inherently unsafe tunnels were made more dangerous by attacks by Israeli forces; dozens of people, including children, were killed and injured in the tunnels.

In September, the UN Human Rights Council’s Goldstone report accused both Israel and Hamas of war crimes in Gaza and southern Israel during Operation "Cast Lead", and recommended that those responsible be brought to justice. The Hamas de facto administration did not establish any independent or impartial investigation into the conduct of Palestinian armed groups; Hamas officials said only that they were prepared to conduct internal investigations.

Unlawful killings

During and immediately following Israel’s military operation in the Gaza Strip, Hamas forces and militias there engaged in a campaign of abductions, deliberate and unlawful killings, torture and death threats against people they accused of "collaborating" with Israel and other opponents and critics. More than 30 individuals were summarily killed. Scores of others were shot in the legs, kneecapped or otherwise injured in ways intended to cause permanent disability, or they were severely beaten or otherwise tortured or ill-treated. These abuses were committed with impunity, with the apparent approval of the Hamas leadership.

Saleh Jahjouh from Beit Hanoun was shot dead in al-Shifa’ Hospital on 21 January. He had been held at Gaza Central Prison accused of "collaboration" with Israel but was moved to the hospital after being injured in an Israeli air attack on the prison. In addition to the targeted killings, at least five civilian bystanders were killed and injured in the West Bank and Gaza Strip during violent clashes between Palestinian security forces and armed groups.

On 31 May, one civilian was killed in the West Bank town of Qalqiliya during a gunfight between PA police and armed supporters of Hamas who were resisting arrest. Three policemen and two armed members of Hamas were also killed.

On 14 and 15 August, at least four civilians were killed and others injured in Rafah in the Gaza Strip during a clash between Hamas security forces and members of Jund Ansar Allah, an armed group that claims allegiance to al Qa’ida. In all, some 24 people were killed and more than 100 injured in the gunfight.

Abuses by armed groups

The armed wing of Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups based in Gaza fired hundreds of rockets and mortars into southern Israel before Hamas declared a ceasefire on 18 January. The attacks killed three civilians and severely injured at least four others. Several homes were also damaged.

Seven-year-old Uriel Elazarov was seriously injured by shrapnel when a rocket exploded in Bersheva, southern Israel, on 15 January. Five other civilians were injured in the same attack.

After 18 January, the PFLP, Fatah and Islamic Jihad continued sporadically to fire rockets and mortars from Gaza into southern Israel. Hamas continued to deny the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit access to the ICRC or visits from his family. In October, Hamas issued a video of Gilad Shalit that showed he was still alive and in captivity.

Justice system

The judicial systems in the West Bank and Gaza remained extremely problematic. The PA continued to prohibit former members of the judiciary and security forces from working for the Hamas de facto administration in Gaza, and to pay them for not working. Hamas continued to use alternative prosecutors and judges who often lacked the necessary training and qualifications. In the West Bank, PA security forces frequently failed to comply with court decisions calling for them to release specific detainees.

Arbitrary arrests and detentions

In the West Bank and Gaza hundreds of people were arbitrarily arrested and held without charge or trial. Those detained were often suspected of involvement with a rival political party.

Torture and other ill-treatment

Detainees held in the West Bank and Gaza were frequently beaten, subjected to sleep deprivation, and forced to spend long periods handcuffed in painful stress positions (shabeh) during the interrogation period. Complaints of torture were rarely investigated.

Deaths in custody

In the West Bank, three detainees died while being detained by PA security forces; all three were reportedly arrested because of suspected involvement with Hamas and were alleged to have been torture or otherwise ill-treated in custody.

Haitham Amr, a nurse, was arrested at his home near Hebron on 11 June by members of the PA’s General Intelligence Service; his death was announced four days later. His body had extensive and sever bruising and the Minister of the Interior later acknowledged that he had been tortured in detention.

In an unusual move, the PA opened a military trial against the officers accused of involvement in his death.

In Gaza, at least four men died in the custody of Hamas security forces; three of them were alleged to have been tortured.

Zayad Ayash Jaradat, a resident of Rafah, died in March while in the custody of Hamas police in the Gaza Strip after being detained under criminal charges. He was alleged to have died as a result of beatings by the police. The Ministry of the Interior dismissed 11 police officers, who were detained and expected to be brought to trial before a military court.

Freedom of expression

The Palestinian authorities in both the West Bank and Gaza curtailed media freedom and took action against media and journalists who criticized them. In January in the West Bank, PA security forces detained and threatened journalists who reported the violent suppression of demonstrators protesting against the Israeli attack on Gaza. Throughout the year the security forces arrested and harassed media workers of al-Aqsa and al-Quds satellite channels, media outlets seen as aligned with Hamas. In July, the PA government ordered al-Jazeera to suspend its operations, but was quickly forced to retract this by a public outcry.

Khaled Amayreh was arrested and detained without charge for three days in January by the PA’s Preventative Security Agency in Hebron. He was interrogated about an interview with al-Quds TV in which he had criticized the PA’s response to the Israeli attack on Gaza.

In Gaza on 14 August, the Hamas Ministry of the Interior banned journalists from accessing Rafah during fighting between the Hamas security forces and Jund Ansar Allah. In November, Hamas prevented a meeting of journalists organized by the International Federation of Journalists from taking place.

Sari al-Qudweh, editor of al-Sabah newspaper, was detained by the Hamas de facto administration in Gaza in June. Hamas security officers also searched his home and closed the newspaper’s offices. Sari al-Qudweh was released on 19 August.

Violence against women and girls

Five women and a 16-year-old girl were reported to have been victims of so called honour killings, most carried out by male relatives. Perpetrators of such killings, when tried and convicted, generally receive inappropriately lenient sentences, often being imprisoned for less than three years.

On 23 July, Fadia Jawdat al-Najjar, a divorced mother of five, was killed in Gaza. Her father, Jawdat al-Najjar, handed himself in to the police on 24 July and confessed to beating his daughter to death. He was charged with her murder and at the end of 2009 was awaiting trial.

Death penalty

Courts in the West Bank and Gaza continued to sentence people to death, particularly for murder and "collaboration", although no executions were carried out. In the West Bank, PA military courts handed down three death sentences for alleged "collaboration" and treason; in Gaza, Hamas military courts sentenced 14 people to death on charges of "collaboration", treason and murder.

Amnesty International visits/reports

Amnesty International delegates visited the West Bank and Gaza Strip in January, February, June, July, October and November.

Palestinian Authority: Hamas’ deadly campaign in the shadow of the war in Gaza (MDE 21 / 001 / 2009)

Israel/Gaza: Operation "Cast Lead" – 22 Days of Death and Destruction (MDE 15 / 015 / 2009)

Troubled waters – Palestinians denied fair access to water (MDE 15 / 027 / 2009)

Note
Picture: Palestine Partition Plan
From: http://unispal.un.org/UNISPAL.NSF/0/164333B501CA09E785256CC5005470C3

   By Prof. Dr. Muhammad Shamsaddin Megalommatis
Published: 6/10/2010


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Peace at last between Israel and Palestine

At last there will be peace and Israel and Palestine will stop fighting each other. Under the stewardship of the United States, leaders of the two countries have decided to revive their stalled peace process. The road map envisages Palestinian statehood by 2005. The Israeli Prime Minister, Mr. Ariel Sharon, and the Palestinian Prime Minister, Mr. Mahamoud Abbas, declared their political support for the piece road map evolved by the US. Both the leaders vowed to take care of citizens in the other camp. Mr. Abbas announced his intent to end the ’Intifada’ (armed uprising) against the Israelis. On his part, Mr. Sharon went to considerable length to accommodate Palestinian concerns. Palestinians have been demanding that the Israelis pull out Jewish settlements from the Palestinian administered areas of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. He signaled his intent to dismantle at least some of the controversial settler colonies situated in considerable depth, mainly inside the Palestinian West Bank area.

On June 29, 2003, Palestinian radical groups Hamas and Islamic Jihad, announced a three month halt to attacks on Israel. The development came as the US National Security Adviser, Ms Condoleezza Rice, held crucial discussions with the Israeli and Palestinian Prime Ministers in a bid to Push both sides towards implementation for the ‘road map’ for peace. "The two movements decided to suspend military operations against the Zionist enemy for three months, starting today," the Hamas leader, Mr. Abdel Aziz Rantist, who was the target of an Israeli assassination attempt earlier June, was quoted by the Israeli media as saying. However, there was still no announcement from the third group, Mr. Yasser Arafat’s Fatah, which is believed to be wrangling over the wordings of the truce.

US invites Palestinian PM to Washington: Ms Condoleezza Rice invited the Palestinian Prime Minister, Mr. Mahamoud Abbas, to visit Washington in the next few weeks to meet President Bush, a senior Palestinian official said. The militants’ cease-fire has given a major push to the U.S.-sponsored peace initiative, which got off to a rocky start because of continuing violence. The "road map" plan for Palestinian statehood, launched by the U.S. President, George W. Bush, on June 4, 2003, is the latest effort to end the generations-old conflict. Intensive meetings were held between Islamic Jihad, the larger Hamas group and Yasser Arafat’s Fatah faction to work out the final wording of an official cease-fire declaration.

At least one Palestinian faction, the popular front for the liberation of Palestine appeared to be holding out as a Palestinian negotiator tried to persuade the group’s jailed leader to accept the deal, a Palestinian official said on condition of anonymity. Expectations were that the group would sign on. A statement issued in the name of another militia, the Al Aqsa Martyr’s Brigades said the group also had not yet committed itself to the cease-fire, apparently because there was no Israeli guarantee on the release of Palestinian prisoners. The statement, from some of the militia’s local West Bank leaders, however, did not necessarily represent the views of the whole group.

Pull out: In another sign that the peace effort was moving forward, Israel agreed to pull troops out of parts to Gaza Strip and the West Bank town of Bethlehem. The "road" map peace plan requires Israeli forces to pull back to positions held before the outbreak of fighting in September 2000. The initial agreement on an Israeli troop withdrawal from Gaza and West Bank town of Bethlehem came with a pledge by Israel to halt targeted killings of Palestinian militants, sources said. That is one of the Palestinian militants’ key demands for going ahead with a cease-fire. At its weekly meeting, Mr. Arafat’s Fatah movement approved the agreement with Israelis on a troop pull back. The pullout started on June 29, 2003 from northern Gaza and from the West Bank town of Bethlehem three days later.
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U.S. aid to Palestinian Authority

For the first time in the history of U.S.-Palestinian relationship, the U.S. has directly given the Palestinian Authority chaired by Yassar Arafat, over $20 million on July 16, 2004. This is part of multi-million dollar package of aid to Palestinian communities to be used for repairing and maintaining roads, public buildings, and power, water and sewage lines damaged in years of fighting with Israel.

The U.S. National Security Adviser Condaleeza Rice during her visit to the region had promised this payment to the Palestinian Authority. This amount will go into a special account administered by the Palestinian Finance Minister Saleem Fayad. Saleem is a former World Bank official entrusted with the task of introducing proper financial controls in the affairs of the Palestinian Authority.

A U.S. official commented "we are happy with Fayad. We think he has done a good job and he has our full support".

The Asian Deputy Minister of Planning Jihad ul Wazil also confirmed that this was the first instance of direct transfer of funds of U.S. aid money to the Palestinian Authority.

Another $30 million aid is being channeled through local and international non-governmental organizations. Until now, U.S. has by passed Mr. Arafat and the Palestinian Authority while proving financial aid to Palestinians. The funds were always diverted through U.N. or other organizations.

Mr. Rice was in the region to push for implementation of U.S. sponsored "road map" plan for West Asian peace. The "road map" drafted by the U.S., U.N., E.U. and Russia in December 2002 calls for simultaneous concessions from both sides leading to resolution of all disputes and the eventual creation of an independent state of Palestine in three years.

Israel is opposed to the creation of an independent Palestine and to any concessions on the question of Jawish settlements in occupied areas. The Bush administration considers Yasser’s leadership of Palestine as an impediment to peaceful settlement and has supported Mahmood Abbas who was made Prime Minister of Palestine in March 2003. He called for the abandonment of the Intifada (armed rebellion) in favor of diplomacy and reforms.

At the same time, he has reiterated that the Palestinian people will not accept anything less than Palestine state with Jerusalem as its capital and the removal and the removal of Jewish settlements in the West Bank and Gaza.

In the first stage of the peace plan, violence is to cease and Israel is to withdraw its troops from Palestinian areas occupied during the current conflict. Also, Israel has to stop further construction of settlements in the West Bank.

The Palestinians on their part must dismantle organizations and groups believing in violence.

Radical Palestinian groups have however repeated the "road map of peace" and asserted that their struggle will continue as long as the occupation continues.
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UN and Palestine

When the Israeli Cabinet decided on September 12, 2003 to remove the Palestinian leader, Mr. Yasser Arafat, it sent shock waves around the Arab World since the options suggested included assassinating Mr. Arafat or expelling him from the Palestinian territories. Israeli newspapers reported that Mr. Shaul Mofaz, the Israeli Defence Minister had suggested physically liquidating Mr. Arafat, but the Prime Minister, Mr. Ariel Sharon, rejected his proposal.

India apposes Israeli plan to remove Arafat

At the open meeting in the United Nations Security Council on the Palestine issue, India’s Permanent Representative, Mr. Vijay Nambiar joined the other members in urging Israel to exercise restraint with respect to any plan it may have that could affect adversely the safety and the personal freedom of the Palestinian leader or forcibly remove him from his present position. "India has consistently regarded President Arafat as the elected leader of the Palestinian leader of the Palestinian people and symbol of their cause. His expulsion and removal from the scene would be indefensible in international law. It represents an affront to the Palestinian people as well as the international community at large and must attract the severest condemnation worldwide," Mr. Nambiar said.

Israel rejects Palestinian peace offer.

On September 16, the Palestinian Authority made a fresh ceasefire offer which was quickly rejected by Israel saying it would not be lured into the "honey trap" and demanded that PA crackdown on militant groups. Mr. Arafat’s newly appointed National Security Advisor, Mr. Jibril Rajoub, said the leadership was ready to declare an immediate, general cease-fire to end all acts of Palestinian violence provided that Israel agreed to halt military attacks and remove its blockades. "The Palestinian leadership is ready to proclaim and respect a general cease-fire, but it must be mutual," he said. Israeli officials dismissed the proposal terming it as "honey trap". "Cease-fire had failed to end the fighting in the past, and that the government stood by a decision not to agree to a further truce," Ha’aretz quoted Israeli officials as saying.

US vetoes UN resolution to protect Arafat

A Security Council resolution that sought to protect Mr. Yasser Arafat, from an Israeli threat to ‘remove’ was vetoed on September 17, 2003, by the US after a heated debate in the Council chambers. The US delegate said that while his country was against the elimination of Mr. Arafat or forcing him into exile, it apposed the resolution as it failed to explicitly condemn the Palestinian terror outfits like the Hamas, the Islamic Jihad or the al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade. "It is a black day for United Nations and International law," said the chief Palestinian peace negotiator, Mr. Saeb Erekat. "I hope Israel would not interpret the resolution as a license to kill President Arafat," he said. Eleven of the fifteen members in the council voted for it while Britain, Bulgaria and Germany abstained. A resolution needs nine votes with no veto to be carried. Earlier during the debate more than 40 member-States condemned the Israeli thinking on ‘eliminating’ Mr. Arafat.

Arafat undeterred

Mr. Arafat dismissed the United States veto a insignificant. "No decision here or there will shake us," he told supporters at Ramallah, his West Bank headquarters. "We are bigger than all decisions." Meanwhile, Mr. Arafat offered a new truce to Israel in an interview on an Israeli TV station, after Palestinian officials said the militant group Hamas had signaled it might agree to stop attacks on Israelis. Interviewed on Israel TV’s Channel 2, Mr. Arafat was asked if there was possibly a new truce. "Of course," he said.

On September 20, 2003, the United Nations General Assembly with the backing of 133 member states demanded that Israel stop seeking to expel Mr. Arafat or threaten his safety. The assembly passed a Resolution which saw only four countries – Israel, the United States, Micronesia and the Marshall Islands – voting against it. Fifteen nations abstained. All members of the European Union voted for it after the sponsors agreed to make last-minute changes that condemned "all acts of terrorism" and reminded the Palestinian Authority that it was obligated to take "all necessary measures to end violence and terror". The Resolution condemned Israel’s "extrajudicial killings and their recent escalation" and argued that these were not violations of International law but also an impediment to the peace process.
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Between media photographers making up pseudo-scandals centered on President-elect Barack Obama ditching them, taking photos of him with his shirt off and detailing the minutiae of his workout routines, news of a more serious sort is being made. Pro-Palestinian demonstrators have gathered at Obama’s Hawaii house to protest the recent violence in the Gaza Strip and the incoming administration’s obvious continued support for Israel. Obama has not yet commented on the Israeli air strikes, but his aides note that he has been receiving intelligence briefings and continues to monitor the situation.

Obama, hailed by many as "the next FDR" for his progressive would-be policies and proposed "New New Deal," seems content to focus on domestic issues – of which there are many to address – a point the protestors have been sure to focus on. Said Carolyn Hadfield, one of the Hawaii protestors, "He is talking about how many jobs he is going to create but he is refusing to speak about this." Placards held by Hadfield and a very small group of protestors read "No U.S. support for Israel" and "Gazans need food and medicine, not war."

Yet another protestor, Margaret Brown, noted, "We are very upset with what is going on in Palestine. There is a very great need for change in U.S. foreign policy toward Israel and Palestine. We need to stop giving Israel a blank check." Obama, for his part, failed to acknowledge the protestors, staring straight ahead and sipping from a bottle of water as his motorcade escorted him to play basketball at his old school. Alas, the time for such reactions is quickly drawing to a close for the president-elect, who will face more than just tough domestic issues starting on January, 20, 2009.

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United States Happy with Gaza Ceasefire, but Iran Wants More

Coming off the recent ceasefire agreement between Israel and Palestinian factions in Gaza, the United States lauded the work that was done to bring peace, even if temporary, to the region, though Iran has noted that the ceasefire is not enough. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice noted that, "The goal remains a durable and fully respected ceasefire that will lead to stabilization and normalization in Gaza. The United States commends Egypt for its efforts and remains deeply concerned by the suffering of innocent Palestinians. We welcome calls for immediate coordinated international action to increase assistance flows and will contribute to such efforts."

Despite that, Iranian leaders don’t think the ceasefire agreement goes far enough, and has urged Western countries, including the United States, to engage with Hamas. Meanwhile, the U.N. threw its full support behind the measure, as Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon noted, "I am relieved that the Israeli government has decided to cease hostilities. This should be the first step leading to the full withdrawal of Israeli troops from Gaza." Ki-moon noted that such a withdrawal would be welcome if it were to occur "as soon as possible."

Talks to move the ceasefire to more stable ground occurred yesterday and will continue as European leaders and the U.N. leadership will discuss the matter in Egypt. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown, noted that "Israel must allow full access to humanitarian workers, and to relief supplies. We must also end Gaza’s economic isolation by reopening the crossing that link it to the outside world."

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Those are strong words from the Secretary of State and they are sure to catch the attention of Benjamin Netanyahu, the Prime Minister designate of Isreal, and other leaders in the region. And while in one breath Hillary Clinton declared the U.S. goal of a Palestinian state, she was careful to temper that rhetoric with statements that support Israel's right to determine their own course of action in the matter and that the U.S. alliance with Israel would not be threatened if the two countries disagree on how best to solve the situation in the Middle East.

Hillary also took the opportunity to announce that the U.S. would soon be sending two envoys to Syria, in an attempt to re-establish diplomatic relations, which had ceased in 2005. The Bush administration withdrew the U.S. ambassador from Syria in 2005, claiming that the Syrian government was sponsoring terrorist groups and intentionally allowing insurgents to cross into Iraq and attack U.S. forces there.

The coming days should give the world a glimpse into what type of progress Hillary and the Obama administration can hope to make in trying to stem the violence in the Middle East. They are going in with a clear emphasis on diplomacy, while trying not to appear soft. They are trying to engage hostile nations in an open dialogue in which the U.S. hopes it can start to make progress toward some of its stated goals, such as a nuclear-free Iran and a Palestinian state. There is some hope that the Obama administration can succeed where the Bush administration failed, but every administration brings renewed optimism to what has proven to be a centuries-old problem.

T-Shirt Offensive to Palestinians Condemned by Israeli Military

T-shirts that became popular with a small group of Israeli soldiers recently were condemned by the Israeli military. One of the t-shirts depicted a pregnant Muslim woman in a rifle’s crosshairs with a slogan in Hebrew that read "1 Shot 2 Kills," while another showed a gun-carrying child with the slogan "The smaller they are, the harder it is." The shirts were donned by a fairly small group of Israeli Defense Force soldiers to celebrate the end of their basic training. The offensive t-shirts, following closely on the heels of suspected misconduct by the Israeli army during the recent Gaza conflict, has Muslim leaders angered further.

The Israeli military responded to the t-shirts by noting that they were "tasteless" and "not in accordance with IDF values." Lt. General Gabi Ashkenazi, the Israeli military’s chief of staff, defended his troops, noting, "I tell you that this is a moral and ideological army. I have no doubt that exceptional events will be dealt with, said Ashkenazi, who also noted that Gaza "is a complex atmosphere that includes civilians, and we took every measure possible to reduce harm to the innocent." The t-shirts were not authorized or made by the Israeli military, but the factory owner who produced them would not comment.

There was little response to the t-shirts in the Palestinian territories, mostly because residents in those regions apparently were unaware of them. Hamas spokesman Fawzi Barhoum, however, when asked about them, noted that the incident "reflects the brutal mentality among the Zionist soldiers and the Zionist society."
Why Israel fears a free Egypt
Veteran negotiator on why Israel ears a free Middle East.

King of Jordan Calls for Israel to Accept a Palestinian State

Amidst the War on Terror and the ancillary struggles going on around the world, the primary issue is always the same: Israel and the Palestinians need to find a mutually agreeable peace arrangement. Unfortunately, that has proven impossible over the course of the last 2000 years or so. Now, in a move that is seen as being in line with the Obama administration's global push for improved diplomatic relations, the King of Jordan has called on Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to accept the creation of a Palestinian state.

Of course, Netanyahu's position is that he will not discuss the creation of a Palestinian state until Iran and its proxies in Hezbollah and Hamas are disarmed and no longer a threat to Israel. So, the same standoff seems to be inevitable. But, at least there is a dialogue and it would seem that, as more players become involved from moderate Arab nations, that an agreement can be reached.

It's no longer in Israel's best interest to oppose the creation of a Palestinian state. In fact, it would seem that world sentiment has already shifted in favor of the Palestinians. The Obama administration appears willing to push Israel into an arrangement that could greatly benefit the stability of that part of the world - and greatly advance America's ambitions in the region.

Obviously, the creation of a Palestinian state would come with major headaches, and would place a legitimate nation immediately next to one with which it will likely never have amicable relations. It will be at that point that the real fun would begin.

Even the Pope Has Begun Calling for a Palestinian State

Obama Gets Feisty in Addressing Israeli, Palestinian Leaders

As though his impatience will bring to an end the stalemate and ill will that has raged between Jews and Muslims for millennia, President Barack Obama called on Israeli and Palestinian leaders to launch new Mideast peace negotiations in earnest yesterday. Obama terse tone and his comments in general are placing him squarely in the middle of the continued standoff. After the first meeting between Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas, there was hope among many in the Obama administration that new peace negotiations would begin organically. In the absence of such a development, it appears that Obama is content to try to will the parties to the negotiating table.

Before there are to be talks on peace in the region, Palestinian leaders are demanding that construction of Jewish settlements in Palestinian territories halt. Obama has tried to convey those sentiments to the Israelis, though he has used terms like "restrain," much to the consternation of the Palestinian leadership. Obama, his best mean voice booming and eyebrows furrowed, noted, "Simply put, it is past time to talk about starting negotiations – it is time to move forward. We cannot continue the same pattern of taking tentative steps forward and then stepping back."

What the president seems not to realize, of course, is that such tentative steps back and forth are actually a huge step forward when one considers the history of these two peoples. If the problem is solved by the year 3,000 A.D., it would be nothing short of a miracle. To expect any significant progress during the remainder of the president’s term in office is, shall we say…unlikely.

Israel's Anxiety Grows as Egypt's Crisis Deepens - TIME
Even though the Israeli government has ordered officials to say nothing about the developments in its huge and important neighbor, ...

Israel Leaders Want Israeli Troops at Palestinian Border

With the Palestinians already threatening to walk out of peace talks over charges of Israeli transgressions, Israel’s leadership is demanding that Israeli troops remain stationed at the border of a future Palestinian state. The negotiations, which are always in the "tender" stage and always in danger of breaking down entirely, will likely take a major hit with this latest wrinkle. Palestinians want Israel to extend the hiatus that is holding off Jewish construction on the West Bank, but it is scheduled to expire on Sunday.

In the event that negotiations break down, Israeli military leaders have informed lawmakers that they are preparing for clashes between their troops and Palestinians. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu made it clear that his primary concern, at all times and without exception, is the security of the Jewish state. Said Netanyahu in response to a Palestinian call for international peacekeepers to be stationed in the West Bank, "I don’t believe that under these circumstances, international troops will do the job. The only force that can be relied on to defend the Jewish people is the Israeli Defense Force."

According to Palestinian spokesman Husam Zomlot, however, "not one Israeli soldier" will ever be allowed to remain in a Palestinian state. According to Zomlot, "An international presence will be able to monitor and enforce security once the political situation has been sorted out." Palestinian military leader Lt. General Gabi Ashkenazi noted, "The Palestinians have sober expectations that something positive will come out of the talks. The level of expectations will produce a similar level of disappointment (if they fail)."

Will the Peace Hold Between Egypt and Israel?
Two-thirds of Egyptians who are under the age of 30 grew up in a period of peace
. Peace has enabled Egyptians to focus on their very real ...

Palestinians to Wait a Week Before Quitting Peace Talks

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas noted yesterday that he would wait for at least a week before deciding whether to leave the Mideast peace talks. In the interim, U.S. intermediaries are expected to try to broker some sort of compromise that will keep the Palestinian contingent at the negotiating table. Among the sticking points for Abbas is Israel’s refusal to extend the 10-month building hiatus in the West Bank. While Abbas has threatened to withdraw from the talks on several occasions over the West Bank building issue, his most recent threat appears to be very real.

During a visit to Paris, however, Abbas noted that he would not make a hasty decision but, rather, would consult with other Palestinian leaders and the 22-member Arab League. Said Abbas, "We will not have any quick reactions. After this chain of meetings, we will be able to put out a position that clarifies the Palestinian and Arab opinion on this issue now that Israel has refused to freeze settlements."

Ironically, though Israel will not cease building efforts in the West Bank, some leaders noted that construction would be minimal in the next several months, primarily because banks and developers are hesitant to move forward with new projects in the midst of a bad economy and because they believe that building could potentially be stopped again in the near future due to the peace talks. One would like to believe, then, that the "smart money" is on a deal being brokered to extend the building freeze, though that does remain to be seen. At least one side of the peace talks table seems to be proceeding intelligently and methodically. It remains to be seen if they will be matched.

Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty
The 1979 EgyptIsrael Peace Treaty (Arabic: معاهدة السلام المصرية الإسرائيلية‎, Mu`āhadat as-Salām al-Misrīyah al-'Isrā'īlīyah; Hebrew: הסכם השלום בין ישראל ...

Palestinians Angry Over Skewed and Inaccurate Al-Jazeera Reports

Al-Jazeera, the news agency back by Qatar, was condemned yesterday by senior Palestinian leaders, as well as crowds of protestors who gathered yesterday outside the satellite channel’s headquarters in the West Bank and vandalized the building. The condemnation and protests came on the heels of a report on leaked documents by the news agency that indicated that Palestinian leaders had offered fairly massive concessions in peace talks with Israel in 2008. The reports specifically indicated that Palestinian leaders had caved on two important issues, including Jerusalem and what resolution would be offered for Palestinian refugees.

A top aid to Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas spoke to the media yesterday and noted that the Al-Jazeera network was stooping to "media games to trick and mislead the simple citizen." The spokesperson also rounded criticized Qatar itself, the country that financially supports the Al-Jazeera network. He added, "What Al-Jazeera is doing today is an attempt to distort the national position of the Palestinian leadership." Perhaps most damning were comments that the information presented by the station were knowingly and willfully being taken out of context.

The spokesperson noted that Al-Jazeera could take leaked documents and then "draw conclusions, counterfeit documents and change texts, cut a word here and there and put together images of people with no relationship to negotiations." It is not the first time that Palestinian leaders have bickered with the station, which often embraces views that are espoused and supported by Hamas, a rival group to the Palestinian leadership that will accept no compromises in the peace talks with Israel.

Without Egypt, Israel will be left with no friends in Mideast ...
Without Egypt's Mubarak and with relations with Turkey in shambles, Israel will be forced to court new potential allies.

Egypt: We don't have to sell gas to Israel

Kuwaiti newspaper quotes Finance Minister Samir Radwan as saying peace treaty does not obligate his country to sell natural gas to Jewish state
Doron Peskin
Published: 05.02.11, 14:45 / Israel Business

Egyptian Finance Minister Samir Radwan has been quoted as saying that the 1979 Israel-Egypt peace treaty does not obligate his country to sell natural gas to the Jewish state.
J'accuse

Report: Mubarak's wealth came from Israel gas deal  / Ynet

Cairo's new justice minister says ousted Egyptian president owes his vast fortune to corrupt arms deals, gas sales to Israel
Full story

Radwan gave an interview to a local newspaper during a visit to Kuwait on Sunday, stressing that the prices must be updated and adjusted to the price levels of the global market, regardless of whether the exports go to Israel, Jordan, Syria or Spain.
Meanwhile, Jordan has begun looking for alternatives for the Egyptian gas following last week's attack on the gas pipeline in El-Arish. The kingdom's Energy Minister Khaled Touqan says his country has asked Iraq to increase its oil supplies from 10,000 barrels a day to 30,000.

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According to Touqan, the Egyptian authorities told Jordan that the pipeline would be fixed within two weeks. Since the blast, the amount of gas supplied to Jordan from Egypt has gone down to half or one-third of the amount supplied before the blast (about 240 million cubic feet a day).

The Jordanian economy suffered greatly from previous attack on the pipeline on February 5, which led to a halt in the Egyptian gas flow, after it was forced to start using fuel oil. The damage was estimated at some $3 million a day.

Doron Peskin is head of research at Info-Prod Research (Middle East) Ltd.

Call for mass anti-Israel demonstration in Egypt

A demonstration is planned for Friday against the peace agreement with Israel.

2 May 11 11:00, Globes' correspondent
Hebrew daily "Yediot Ahronot" reports that Cairo is preparing for a million-man demonstration against Israel on Friday. The demonstration's organizers plan to hold the demonstration opposite the Israeli Embassy, and will call for the cancellation of the gas contract with Israel, termination of the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty, and the expulsion of Israel's ambassador to Egypt Yitzhak Levanon. The demonstration comes at a time when the Egyptian media is flooded with headlines about alleged corruption related to the gas agreement with Israel. Former President Hosni Mubarak is under investigation in the matter. Yesterday, Egypt's Minister of Justice Mohammed al-Guindi said that Mubarak made most of his fortune from the agreement. Mubarak is hospitalized at the International Hospital in Sharm el-Sheikh.
If Friday's demonstration materializes, it will be the first demonstration opposite the Israeli Embassy since the change in Egypt's government in February.
Published by Globes [online], Israel business news - www.globes-online.com - on May 2, 2011

What do Egyptians want?

A recent Pew poll finds Egyptians are optimistic about the future and are embracing the revolution, the Muslim Brotherhood, and the military, Gihan Shahine reports

Everybody inside and outside Egypt seems to be watching with curiosity, enthusiasm, and perhaps a touch of worry, following dramatic changes that swept away a regime held responsible for long decades of repression, curtailed human rights and corruption. Today, an overwhelming majority of Egyptians are celebrating the ousting of former president Mubarak; nearly two-in-three are satisfied with the way things are going in Egypt, and 57 per cent are optimistic about the future of the country.
On the other side of the spectrum, the West -- most prominently the United States and Israel -- is watching with apprehension the dramatic changes unfolding, worried about the impact on their interests in the region.
The United States seems to be winning no friends amid the public unrest. Its popularity in Egypt remains as low as it was in recent years, with many people now feeling more empowered and confident to call for a less close relationship with America. Israel fares even worse. By a 54 per cent to 36 per cent margin, Egyptians want the peace treaty with Israel annulled.
At least these are the results of one recent poll conducted by the US-based Pew Research Centre, which based its survey on face-to-face interviews with 1,000 adults in Egypt between 24 March and 7 April 2011. The findings -- albeit interesting -- have provoked debate among analysts who see some results as illogical.
One bone of contention was that pertaining to religion and the popularity of the Muslim Brotherhood. The poll almost failed to give any definitive answer to one of the most ticklish issues that has been worrying many: whether the nation is heading towards Islamic or more secular rule. The recent rise of Islamism -- especially the Muslim Brotherhood and Salafis -- has boosted fears.
The poll concludes that Egyptians are largely divided over the issue of religion. Whereas about 62 per cent think laws should strictly follow the teachings of the Quran, only 31 per cent of Egyptian Muslims say they sympathise with Islamic fundamentalists. Nearly the same number, 30 per cent, say they sympathise with those who disagree with fundamentalists, and 26 per cent have mixed views on this question. A majority of 81 per cent generally think religious leaders are having a positive influence on the country.
Meanwhile, the public is "clearly open to religious-based political parties being part of a future government" and most people have a favourable opinion of the Muslim Brotherhood, "which has been a major presence in Egyptian society for decades, although it was officially banned from politics throughout the Mubarak era," noted the survey. That said, only 17 per cent of respondents say they want the group to be part of the future government.
Analysts note that the poll has perhaps underestimated the popularity of the Muslim Brotherhood among Egyptians. Poll results showed the group had relatively equal ratings as those of other political groups, including the relatively secular 6 April Movement and political leaders Amr Moussa, Ayman Nour and Mohamed El-Baradei. Whereas three in four of the surveyed group have favourable views of the Brotherhood, and 37 per cent have a very favourable view, the poll found that seven in 10 Egyptians express a positive opinion of the 6 April Movement, a protest organisation formed just three years ago.
"Even though this group [6 April] is often associated with the young, technologically savvy protesters in Tahrir Square, it is equally popular among 18-29 year-olds (69 per cent favourable), 30-49 year-olds (69 per cent), and people 50 and older (70 per cent)," wrote the report. Strangely enough, one in five of the surveyed group also expressed support for the secular Wafd Party.
Although some analysts would challenge the findings, the reason the survey provides for them may yet sound plausible. Both the 6 April Movement and the Muslim Brotherhood were almost equally broadly popular among the public because they were largely regarded as the highest-profile groups involved in demonstrations against Mubarak.
In that vein, the military and its leadership were similarly found to enjoy vast popularity for their positive role in ousting Mubarak's regime. The report shows that at least 88 per cent of the nation thinks the military is having a positive influence on the way things are going in Egypt. Fully 90 per cent rate Field Marshal Mohamed Tantawi favourably, according to the survey. This stands in sharp contrast to how the police are regarded, with 61 per cent of respondents saying the police had a negative impact.
Former foreign minister and head of the Arab League Amr Moussa gained the most favour among suggested presidential candidates. "Roughly nine in 10 (89 per cent) assign him a favourable rating, and 41 per cent say their impression of Moussa is very favourable," wrote the report, adding that, "high-income Egyptians (49 per cent very favourable) are particularly supportive of Moussa."
Seven in 10 Egyptians also express a positive opinion of Ayman Nour, leader of the Ghad Party who was jailed for four years during Mubarak's presidency. Former IAEA chief Mohamed El-Baradei also gets a positive rating from most (57 per cent) Egyptians, although a significant minority (39 per cent) expresses an unfavourable opinion of him. Both Nour and El-Baradei are especially popular among younger people and wealthier respondents, according to Pew.
Political and human rights activist Bahieddin Hassan, however, insists that no matter how scientific and accurate the methodology of any poll is, its findings can never be accurate enough, long standing, or reflective of a reality that is now rapidly changing. "People are still suffering the aftershocks of the tsunami of political changes that are sweeping the country, and it will take people time to grasp and adapt to all those changes," Hassan explains. Accordingly, any poll results will remain "far from concrete, or short-lived at best".
Hassan insists, for instance, that the survey overstates the popularity of political parties and groups vis-à-vis the Brotherhood. For Hassan, the Brotherhood remains the only strong organised group that has a clear strategy for the elections, and which has real power on the ground. No other political party or group, many agree, is as popular or can survive competition with the Brotherhood.
And so, opines Hassan, "it would be hard to imagine, at least for the time being, that a secular group like that of the 6 April Movement would enjoy equal public support as that of the Brotherhood, unless the survey was solely conducted on a sample of politicised youths, which is not the case." For Hassan, one in five support for the Wafd Party is "totally unrealistic". Hassan speculates that more than 17 per cent of Egyptians -- perhaps 25 per cent -- want the Brotherhood to be part of the future government.
As for presidential candidates, Hassan suggests that Moussa was the most popular until his nationwide campaign that started a few days ago proved otherwise. Hassan also estimates that a favourable rating of 41 per cent would sound exaggerated for a candidate like Nour, who may be enjoying less popularity on the ground, especially among those who sympathise with Islamists.
Hassan also contends that the poll has perhaps overblown estimates of those wanting the peace treaty with Israel annulled. "Egyptians have never been war mongers and are not seeking war with Israel," Hassan insisted. Instead, Hassan speculates that Egyptians are largely seeking a more positive and supportive role in the Palestinian issue (opening borders and breaking the siege on Gaza) as well as an end to the former regime's humiliating habit of pandering to Israel's interests over Egyptian interests.
Controversy aside, no one seems to be questioning the poll's conclusion that an overwhelming majority -- 77 per cent -- of Egyptians are happy that former president Hosni Mubarak is gone. "This is not to say that many do not remain cautious about the prospects for political change: just 41 per cent say that a free and fair choice in the next election is very likely, while as many (43 per cent) think it is only somewhat likely, and 16 per cent say it is unlikely," according to Pew.
Democracy has become a major priority for 71 per cent of Egyptians, compared to 60 per cent last year. Most people desire free and fair multi-party elections, and 54 per cent of the surveyed sample favoured democracy over political stability. But most Egyptians (82 per cent) also aspire for improved economic conditions, a fair judiciary (79 per cent) and maintaining law and order (63 per cent). "When a good democracy is tested against a strong economy, it is a 47 per cent to 49 per cent draw, respectively," said the survey.
Regarding economic conditions, the survey finds Egyptians somewhat more positive than they were a year ago. About one third (34 per cent) now rate the economy as good, compared with 20 per cent in 2010; still, most (64 per cent) say economic conditions are bad. But fully 56 per cent think the economy will improve over the next year. Just 25 per cent were optimistic in 2010.

Runners kick off Gaza's first-ever marathon

More than 1 400 Palestinians were up before dawn on Thursday to take part in the Gaza Strip's first-ever marathon which runs the entire length of the coastal enclave.
As the sun rose, around 50 runners gathered at the start line at the entrance to Beit Hanun in the northern Gaza Strip, bouncing nervously as they waited for the starting whistle.
Just nine people are running the full 42-kilometre stretch that ends at the southern city of Rafah on the Egyptian border.
The other competitors were school children in brightly-coloured T-shirts who are running short stretches of the race in a relay format, with over 1 200 due to take part take place throughout the morning, each one covering between one and four kilometres.
Half way through, another six Palestinians will begin the 13.1 km half marathon and towards the end, 150 runners from the Gaza Athletics Federation will join in for the last eight kilometre stretch.
Organised by UNRWA, the runners have collectively raised more than $1 million in sponsorship which will go towards the Palestinian refugee agency's Summer Games programme held every year in the Hamas-run territory, spokesman Chris Gunness said.
Favourite to win the race is Palestinian athlete Nader al-Masri, a 31-year-old Gazan from Beit Hanun who entered the 5 000 metres at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and who is hoping to enter the 2012 Games in London.
"This is a very happy day for me because it is the first-ever marathon in Gaza," Masri said, saying he hoped to complete the course in two hours 30 minutes.
There are just two international participants -- French national Sebastien Trives, who is deputy director of UNRWA's Gaza operations, and and his colleague Gemma Connell, an Australian who organised the event.
Both are first-time marathon runners.
"This is a very important day for Gaza. It's a message for freedom," Trives said.
"The marathon is the maximum length you can run in Gaza but they hope one day to be able to run further," he said of the territory which is exactly 42 kilometres in length and has been under an Israeli blockade since 2006.
"I'm incredibly excited and buoyed by the enthusiasm of all the Palestinians who have been involved," said Connell, 28. "It is very exciting to be here for it. I just hope I can make it to the end!"
The Hamas-run security forces will provide security for the entire event, which is taking place just three weeks after the kidnap and murder of Italian peace activist Vittorio Arrigoni by radical Islamist militants.
"We've been working with the local authorities to make sure the route is secure," Gunness said. "They are providing full security all along the route."
It was not immediately clear how the race would play out logistically with both male and female runners expected to participate -- an issue which has in marred previous events organised by UNRWA.
Last year, masked gunmen set fire to two UN summer camps, apparently angered over the fact they let girls and boys mingle freely.

Palestinians Mark World Labour Day With Dismay

By Saleh Jadallah

GAZA STRIP, May 5 (Bernama) -- Labour Day was celebrated on May 1 in some countries with carnivals and parades. However, Palestinians marked that day with great dismay and sense of desperation.

Thousands of Palestinian workers were mainly depending on their work inside Israel - their occupied Palestinian territories - but when the second Intifada (uprising) erupted against Israel in 2000, they lost their main source of income.

Deprived of unemployment opportunities by the Israeli regime, the rate of unemployment increased tremendously.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the unemployment rate in the Gaza Strip has reached 38 per cent which also indicates that the rate of poverty among workers in the blockaded Gaza Strip is about 33 per cent.

A recent study conducted by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) showed that 80 per cent of Palestinians depended on food supplies and other aid distributed by the international organisation.

The Al-Mezan Centre for Human Rights stated that Israel practised racial discrimination against Palestinian workers. It said the workers were prevented from reaching the West Bank and the occupied territories to pursue jobs.

The centre also noted that Israel undermined the Palestinian economy and destroyed the infrastructure by imposing closure and blockade in the coastal territory. As a result of the lack of construction materials, the building process is almost suspended and workers have no tasks to perform.

The General Union of Palestinian Workers has discussed the possibility of filing lawsuits against the owners of Israeli companies to get them to pay financial benefits to Palestinian workers who used to work inside the occupied territories before the Israeli pullout from Gaza Strip in 2005.

The head of the union, Shaheer Saed, said the initial estimation of the financial benefits was about 65 million Israeli Shekel (NIS) (US$19,250,000).

In blockaded Gaza, workers adapt to the frequent power outage. They have to cope with the six hours of electricity supply a day, whether in the morning or night. Sometimes they have to return to their houses when the power supply is cut in the middle of work.

The Al-Wadeya ice-cream factory operation is largely suspended since the start of the Israeli embargo. Khaled, the director of the factory, cannot freeze the huge amount of products as the generators will cost him a lot if he wants to run the giant refrigerators for the ice-cream.

"Our factory is paralysed. It was also extensively damaged during the Israeli war on Gaza. We used to supply most of the markets with our products four years ago," Khaled said.

Palestinian worker Hamed Kota has been jobless since the second Palestinian Intifada in 2000. He used to work as a tailor inside the occupied territories, but after the uprising, Israeli authorities prevented him from continuing his work.

He tries to satisfy his family's needs by knitting pieces of garment for some people. But he totally relies on his ration of food supply distributed by UNRWA every three months. The father of five lives in a narrow house at the Al-Shati refugee camp.

Kota sees Labour Day as a reminder of sorrow and frustration. "Workers throughout the world celebrate this day and no one is looking at our suffering," said the man in a sad tone. "I have to pay fees for two of my sons who are studying in university," he added.

To the south of Gaza Strip, on May 1, hundreds of Palestinian workers took part in a protest calling for job opportunities.

And in front of the Rafah border crossing with Egypt, demonstrators urged the new Egyptian government to end the Israeli blockade in Gaza. They held banners written in Arabic words, "We have the right to live in dignity".

-- BERNAMA

Palestinian runners, aid workers in Gaza sprint in territory's first marathon


BEIT HANOUN, Gaza Strip | Thu May 5, 2011 8:23am EDT
May 5 (Reuters) - Palestinian runner Nader al-Masri, who trained on pot-holed roads and past bombed-out buildings, won the Gaza Strip's first marathon on Thursday.
Masri, who represented Palestine in the 5,000 metres at the Beijing Olympics, was one of nine runners along the full 42.2-km (26-mile) distance. He completed the course in two hours, 42 minutes, 47 seconds.
The course started in the northern town of Beit Hanoun, a border area where Israel and Palestinian militants have frequently clashed, and ended in Rafah, to the southeast, on the Gaza-Egypt frontier.
"We have championships coming up and I hope to be selected for the London Marathon in 2012," Masri said as supporters heaped congratulatory hugs and kisses on him at the finish line.
Masri cut a lonely figure in the Gaza Strip, territory controlled by Hamas Islamists hostile to Israel and blockaded by Israeli forces, as he trained for the local marathon.
He often ran past structures damaged in fighting, many of them in a three-week war that Israel launched in the enclave in December 2008 with the declared aim of halting cross-border rocket attacks.
His winning time was some three-quarters of an hour slower than the official world best of 2:03:59 held by Ethiopia's Haile Gebrselassie.
Chris Gunness, a spokesman for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) that cares for Palestinian refugees in the Gaza Strip, said the run had raised more than $1 million in sponsorship for children's summer camps in the territory.
"You have the London Marathon, the Sydney Marathon, the New York Marathon and now the Gaza Marathon, it just shows that Gaza could be a normal place if it got the chance," Gunness said.
Seven Palestinians and two foreigners living in the Gaza Strip took part in the full marathon. Some 1,300 schoolchildren joined the marathoners for the last kilometre of the run and 150 ran an eight-km course.
The event was the idea of Gemma Connell, a Gaza-based Australian UNRWA staffer, who ran in the race and said the money raised would help to send 250,000 children to UN-run summer camps in the enclave. (Editing by Ori Lewis)

Gaza Strip holds first marathon

The marathon has been organised by the United Nations
The Gaza Strip has held its first-ever marathon, with the 42km (26 miles) course running the full length of the small coastal territory.
Nine runners went the full distance, with more than 1,000 schoolchildren joining for shorter stretches.
Palestinian runner Nader al-Masri, who hopes to qualify for the London 2012 Olympics, finished first in two hours, 42 minutes, 47 seconds.
The marathon raised $1m (£600,000) for a summer camp for Gaza children.
The race was the brainchild of Australian Gemma Connell, who works for the UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA).
The agency helps Palestinian refugees.
She was one of two foreigners and seven Gazans who ran the full marathon, between Beit Hanoun in the north of the territory to Rafah on the border with Egypt.
"You have the London Marathon, the Sydney Marathon, the New York Marathon and now the Gaza Marathon," said UNRWA spokesman Chris Gunness.
"It just shows that Gaza could be a normal place if it got the chance," he said.

Gaza stages its first marathon

Palestinian-UN event sees obstacles galore as children take part in relays and only nine of 1,500 runners tackle entire course
  • guardian.co.uk,
  • Article history
  • Gaza marathon
    The Gaza marathon attracted more than 1,300 Palestinian schoolchildren. Photograph: Ibraheem Abu Mustafa/Reuters
    Donkey carts, exhaust fumes and potholes were just some of the obstacles for runners in the Gaza Strip's first marathon. There were no roads closed, no security tape and no guides, as the route was very simple: start at the border of Israel and stop at the border with Egypt. The race started at 6am local time on Thursday, three minutes after sunrise, and the temperature was already at 21C. The starting point was Beit Hanoun, in the north-east, from where the runners headed west towards the Mediterranean. More than 1,500 people took part in the event, hosted by the United Nations agency for Palestinian refugees (UNRWA), which raised $1m (£600,000) for its annual summer camps. The camps are a source of tension between the UN and conservative sectors of Gazan society who object to the mixing of boy and girls, even before puberty. More than 1,300 schoolchildren ran the marathon in relays of a kilometre at a time, while about 200 ran a half or quarter-marathon. Only nine adult participants ran the whole course – seven Gazans and two UN workers. The winner was Nader al-Masri, 31, from Beit Hanoun who ran in the 5,000 metres at the Beijing Olympics and hopes to run at the London Games in 2012. He clocked two hours and 42 minutes. By the time the race reached Gaza City, Masri had already developed a substantial lead. The coastal road runs past the harbour where sardine fishermen land their catch. The runners had to negotiate donkeys carts, vans and hundreds of blue boxes filled with fish as the fishermen and merchants cheered. From the fish market, the runners passed the wasteland that was Yasser Arafat's presidential compound, destroyed by Israeli aircraft and ships in a series of bombings since 2001. The UN – which provides services for refugees, a majority of Gaza's 1.5 million residents – also attempts to create a sense of normality, particularly for schoolchildren who are unable to leave. Earlier this week, the UN hosted the Israeli conductor Daniel Barenboim, who brought a 25-piece orchestra to play Mozart for an audience of 200 children and adults. Chris Gunness, a UNRWA spokesman, said: "The Israeli authorities have kept many things out of Gaza but we are trying to make sure that the one thing that can get through the blockade is fun. The marathon definitely achieved that not just for the competitors but for the thousands and thousands of onlookers who applauded every runner." Gemma Connell, the only woman running the marathon and the initiator of the event, finished the course in four hours and 45 minutes. "I ran through refugee camps, past farmers and street cleaners. They all clapped and shouted: 'Salam Alaikum'. The variety of scenery and the welcome was incredible and there was the unspeakable beauty of the Mediterranean, which gave me the energy to keep going," she said.